6 ʻOkakopa 2021
Ua hoʻoholo ka Royal Swedish Academy of Science e hāʻawi i ka Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 i
Papa inoa o Beniamina
Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Kelemānia
David WC MacMillan
Ke Kulanui ʻo Princeton, USA
"no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka organocatalysis asymmetric"
He mea hana akamai no ke kukulu ana i na mole
He hana paʻakikī ke kūkulu ʻana i nā molekala.Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Benjamin List a me David MacMillan i ka Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 no kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi mea hana hou no ka hana molekala: organocatalysis.He hopena nui kēia i ka noiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau, a ua ʻoi aku ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka kemika.
Nui nā wahi noiʻi a me nā ʻoihana e hilinaʻi ana i ka hiki i nā mea kemika ke kūkulu i nā mole e hiki ke hana i nā mea elastic a lōʻihi, mālama i ka ikehu i loko o nā pākaukau a i ʻole ke kāohi i ka piʻi ʻana o nā maʻi.Pono kēia hana i nā catalysts, ʻo ia nā mea nāna e hoʻomalu a hoʻolalelale i nā hopena kemika, me ka ʻole e lilo i ʻāpana o ka huahana hope.No ka laʻana, hoʻololi nā catalysts i loko o nā kaʻa i nā mea ʻawaʻawa i loko o ka uahi hoʻopau i nā molekala maikaʻi ʻole.Aia i loko o ko mākou kino he mau kaukani catalysts ma ke ʻano o nā enzymes, kahi e ʻoki ai i nā molekala e pono ai ke ola.
No laila, ʻo nā Catalysts nā mea hana nui no ka poʻe chemists, akā ua manaʻo lōʻihi ka poʻe noiʻi he ʻelua wale nō ʻano catalysts i loaʻa: metala a me nā enzymes.Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Benjamin List a me David MacMillan i ka Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 no ka mea ma 2000, kūʻokoʻa lākou i kekahi i kekahi, ua hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano catalysis ʻekolu.Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he organocatalysis asymmetric a kūkulu ʻia ma luna o nā molekala liʻiliʻi.
"He maʻalahi kēia manaʻo no ka catalysis e like me ke akamai, a ʻo ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua noʻonoʻo ka poʻe he nui no ke aha mākou i noʻonoʻo ʻole ai ma mua," wahi a Johan Åqvist, ka luna o ke Kōmike Nobel no ke Kemika.
Loaʻa i nā catalysts organik kahi papa hana paʻa o nā ʻātoma kalapona, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻopili i nā hui kemika ʻoi aku ka ikaika.Loaʻa pinepine kēia mau mea maʻamau e like me ka oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur a i ʻole phosphorus.ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo kēia mau catalysts he pili kaiapuni a me ke kūʻai aku.
ʻO ka hoʻonui wikiwiki ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā catalysts organik ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻokele i ka catalysis asymmetric.I ka wā e kūkulu ʻia ai nā molekala, hiki i nā kūlana ke hana ʻia ʻelua mau molekala like ʻole, ʻo ia - e like me ko mākou mau lima - he kiʻi aniani o kēlā me kēia.Makemake pinepine ka poʻe kemika i kekahi o kēia mau mea, ʻoiai ke hana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Ua ulu ʻo Organocatalysis i ka wikiwiki kupaianaha mai ka makahiki 2000. Noho mau ʻo Benjamin List a me David MacMillan i mau alakaʻi ma ke kula, a ua hōʻike ʻia e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā catalysts organik e hoʻokele i ka lehulehu o nā hopena kemika.Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia mau hopena, hiki i nā mea noiʻi ke hana maikaʻi loa i kekahi mea mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i nā molekala e hiki ke hopu i ka mālamalama i nā cell solar.Ma kēia ala, lawe mai nā organocatalysts i ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa i ke kanaka.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-15-2021