β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) CAS 7585-39-9 Uvavanyo 98.0% ~ 102.0% Factory
I-Shanghai Ruifu Chemical Co., Ltd. ngumenzi ohamba phambili we-β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) (CAS: 7585-39-9) enomgangatho ophezulu.I-Ruifu Chemical inokubonelela ngenkonzo yehlabathi jikelele, ixabiso elikhuphisanayo, inkonzo egqwesileyo, encinci kunye nezixa ezininzi ezikhoyo.Thenga i-β-Cyclodextrin,Please contact: alvin@ruifuchem.com
Igama leMchiza | β-Cyclodextrin |
Izithethantonye | β-CD;I-BCD;i-beta-Cyclodextrin;Cycloheptaamylose;ISchardinger β-Dextrin;Caraway;Cyclomaltoheptaose;Betadex |
Ubume beStokhwe | Kwi-Stock, iMveliso yoRhwebo |
Inombolo yeCAS | 7585-39-9 |
Ifomula yeemolekyuli | C42H70O35 |
Ubunzima beMolekyuli | 1,134.99 |
Indawo yokunyibilika | 290.0~300.0℃(dec.) (lit.) |
Ukuxinana | 1.44 g/cm3 ku-20℃ |
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi | Inyibilika emanzini |
Ukunyibilika kuManzi ashushu | Phantse Ukungafihli |
Uzinzo | Izinzile.Ayihambelani neeAgents eziOxidizing ezinamandla. |
I-COA kunye ne-MSDS | Iyafumaneka |
Isampuli yasimahla | Iyafumaneka |
Uphawu | Ruifu Chemical |
Izinto | Iinkcukacha | Iziphumo |
Imbonakalo | Umgubo weCrystalline oMhlophe, ongenavumba, Incasa eSwiti kancinane | Iyahambelana |
Ukuchongwa | Uvavanyo lwe-Iodine: Imvula etyheli-emdaka | Iyahambelana |
Isivavanyi | 98.0%~102.0% | 99.9% |
Ukucaca kunye nombala wesisombululo | Isisombululo esicacileyo nesingenambala | Iyahambelana |
I-pH ye-1% yesisombululo esinamanzi | 5.0~8.0 | 6.1 |
Ukunciphisa Iswekile | ≤0.20% | <0.20% |
Ukungcola okufunxa ukukhanya | ≤0.10 (230nm-350nm)≤0.05 (230nm-350nm) | Iyahambelana |
Ujikelezo oluKhethekileyo [a]20/D | +159.0 ° ukuya +164.0 ° | +161,5 ° |
Ilahleko ekomisweni | ≤14.0% | 11.5% |
Intsalela kwi-Ignition | ≤0.10% | ≤0.05% |
Iintsimbi ezinzima | ≤10ppm | <5ppm |
I-Chloride | ≤0.018% | <0.018% |
Ubalo olupheleleyo lweAerobic Microbial | ≤1000cfu/g | Iyahambelana |
IiMngundo zizonke kunye namagwele zibaliwe | ≤100cfu/g | Iyahambelana |
Salmonella | Ukungabikho/10 g | Iyahambelana |
E. Coli | Ukungabikho/1 g | Iyahambelana |
Alpha Cyclodextrin | ≤0.25% | Akukho nanye |
IGamma Cyclodextrin | ≤0.25% | Akukho nanye |
Ezinye Izinto Eziyeleleneyo | ≤0.50% | Akukho nanye |
I-Infrared Spectrum | Iyahambelana neSakhiwo | Iyahambelana |
Ukuqukumbela | Imveliso ivavanyiwe kwaye ihambelana nomgangatho we-USP35 |
Umqulu:Ibhotile eFluorinated, iAluminium foil bag, 25kg/Cardboard Drum, okanye ngokwemfuno yomthengi.
Imeko yoGcino:Gcina isikhongozeli sivaliwe kwaye usigcine kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo nengena umoya kakuhle kude nezinto ezingahambelaniyo.Khusela ukukhanya kunye nokufuma.Ayihambelani ne-oxidizing agents.
Ukuhambisa ngenqanawe:Zisa kwihlabathi liphela ngomoya, ngeFedEx / DHL Express.Ukubonelela ngokukhawuleza nangokuthembekileyo.
Ukujikeleza okuthe ngqo
Thatha le mveliso, ulinganise ngokuchanekileyo, yongeza amanzi ukuze uchithe kwaye uhlambulule ngokomlinganiselo kwisisombululo esiqulethe malunga ne-10 mg nge-1 ml, kwaye unqume ngokomthetho (umgaqo Jikelele we-0621), ukujikeleza okuthe ngqo kwakuyi-159 ° ukuya kwi-164 °.
Ukuxilongwa okwahlukileyo
Thatha malunga ne-0.2g yale mveliso, yongeza i-2ml yesisombululo sovavanyo lwe-Iodine, uyifudumeze kwindawo yokuhlambela yamanzi ukuyinyibilikisa, kwaye uyiyeke ipholile ukuvelisa imvula ephuzi-brown.
Kwichromatogram ebhalwe phantsi kwento yokumisela umxholo, ixesha lokugcinwa kweyona nto iphambili yesisombululo sovavanyo kufuneka lihambelane nexesha lokugcinwa kweyona nto iphambili yesisombululo solawulo.6
I-spectrum yokufunxa i-infrared yale mveliso kufuneka ihambelane naleyo yereferensi yemveliso (umgaqo Jikelele 0402).
Ukungabikho kokungcola
Thatha le mveliso malunga ne-1 g, ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo, yongeza amanzi 100ml ukunyibilika, ngokutsho kwe-UV-visible spectrophotometry (umgaqo jikelele we-0401) ukuzimisela, ukunyanzeliswa kuluhlu lwamaza angama-230 ~ 350nm akufanele kudlule i-0.10, i-absorbsor in the range of wavelength range ye-350 ~ 750nm akufanele idlule ku-0.05.
pH
thabatha i-0.20g yale mveliso, yongeza i-20ml yamanzi ukunyibilika, yongeza i-0.2ml yesisombululo se-potassium chloride egcweleyo, kwaye unqume ngokomthetho (umgaqo jikelele we-0631), ixabiso le-pH kufuneka libe yi-5.0 ~ 8.0.
Ukucaca kunye nombala wesisombululo
Thatha le mveliso 0. 50g, yongeza i-50ml yamanzi ukuchithwa, khangela ngokomthetho (Umthetho Jikelele we-0901 kunye nomgaqo jikelele we-0902), isisombululo kufuneka sicace kwaye singenambala;Kwimeko ye-turbidity, thelekisa kunye ne-No.
I-Chloride
Thatha le mveliso ye-0.39G, ihlolwe ngokomthetho (umgaqo-jikelele we-0801), kunye nesisombululo esiqhelekileyo se-sodium chloride 7.0ml akufanele igxininiswe ngaphezu kwesisombululo sokulawula (0.018%).
Ukunciphisa iswekile
Thatha le mveliso i-1.0 g, umlinganiselo ochanekileyo, yongeza amanzi angama-25ml ukunyibilika, Yongeza isisombululo sovavanyo lwe-alkaline copper tartrate 40tnl, ubilise ngokukhawuleza imizuzu emi-3, ubeke kwindawo yokushisa ebusuku, ukucoca nge-4 # i-funnel yokunyibilika ngokuthe nkqo, i-precipitate ihlanjwe ngamanzi afudumeleyo. de isisombululo sokuhlamba singathathi hlangothi.I-filtrate kunye nesisombululo sokuhlamba salahlwa, ngelixa sitshisa nge-potassium permanganate titration solution (0 .0M ol / L) titration.Ngokwemveliso eyomileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate titrant (0.02 Mol / l) nge-L g akufanele kudlule i-3.2ml (1.0%).
Cyclohexane
Thatha malunga ne-0.2g yale mveliso, ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo, kwibhotile engenanto ephezulu, yongeza isisombululo esisemgangathweni sangaphakathi (thatha inani elifanelekileyo le-dichlorethylene, yongeza i-20% isisombululo se-dimethyl sulfoxide ukwenza isisombululo esiqulethe malunga ne-0.04 kwi-lm l nganye, (Ilungele ) 10.0ml, njengesisombululo sovavanyo;Olunye oluchanekileyo lokulinganisa i-cyclohexane, kunye nesisombululo esisemgangathweni sangaphakathi sokwenza malunga ne-1 l / l equkethe i-cyclohexane 0.078mg yesisombululo, ukulinganisa i-10.0ml kwibhotile engenanto ephezulu njengesisombululo sokulawula. ukumiselwa konyibiliko lwentsalela (umgaqo Jikelele 0861), ikholamu yecapillary ene-100% i-dimethylpolysiloxane njengolwelo olumileyo lusetyenziswa njengekholamu yechromatographic Ubushushu bekholamu ngama-90 ℃, ubushushu bokungena yi-200 ℃, Iqondo lobushushu lesixhobo yi-250℃; izinga lokushisa lokulinganisa laliyi-70 ℃ kwaye ixesha lokulinganisa laliyimizuzu engama-20. Thatha isisombululo sokubhekisela kwi-headpace, idigri yokwahlukana phakathi kweencopho zecandelo ngalinye kufuneka ihambelane nemimiselo.Isisombululo sovavanyo kunye nesisombululo sereferensi ngokulandelanayo sifakwe kwi-headspace, i-chromatogram irekhodwa, kwaye indawo ephakamileyo ibalwa ngokwendlela yomgangatho wangaphakathi.
Ilahleko ekomisweni
Thatha le mveliso, yomile ukuya kwisisindo esingaguqukiyo kwi-105 ℃, ukulahleka kwesisindo akuyi kudlula i-14.0% (umgaqo jikelele we-0831).
Intsalela yokutshisa
I-1.0 g yale mveliso iya kuthathwa ukuze ihlolwe ngokomthetho (umgaqo Jikelele we-0841), kwaye intsalela eseleyo ayiyi kudlula.
Iintsimbi ezinzima
Intsalela eshiywe phantsi kwento yokuthatha intsalela yokutshisa ayiyi kuqulatha ngaphezu kweengxenye ze-10 kwisigidi sentsimbi enzima xa ihlolwe ngumthetho (iMigaqo Jikelele 0821, uMthetho II).
Umda weMicrobial
Le mveliso iya kuthathwa kwaye ihlolwe ngokomthetho (iMimiselo Jikelele ye-1105 kunye ne-1106).Inani elipheleleyo leebhaktheriya ze-aerobic nge-lg yemveliso yovavanyo aliyi kudlula i-100cfu, inani elipheleleyo lokungunda kunye ne-yeasts aliyi kudlula i-100cfu, i-E. Coli akufanele ibonwe.
Ukuzimisela komxholo
Ilinganiswe ngolwelo olusebenzayo lwechromatography (General 0512).
Iimeko zeChromatographic kunye novavanyo lokufaneleka kwenkqubo I-gel ye-silica ye-alkyl ye-alkyl ene-Bond ye-Silane isetyenziswe njenge-filler;I-Water-methanol (85: 15) yayisetyenziswe njengesigaba esihambahambayo;Kwaye umlinganiselo wenziwa nge-differial refractive index detector.Inombolo yepleyiti yethiyori ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-1500 ebalwa njengencopho ye-betal cyclodextrin.
indlela yokuzimisela: thatha malunga ne-50mg yale mveliso, uyilinganise ngokuchanekileyo, uyibeke kwi-flask yokulinganisa i-10ml, yongeza umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wamanzi ukuze uchithe kwaye udibanise kwisikali, ugubungele kakuhle, kwaye uyisebenzise njengesisombululo sovavanyo, i-10 / xl. yafakwa kwi-chromatograph engamanzi ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ichromatogram yarekhodwa.Enye i-50mg ye-reference substance ye-betaloc cyclodextrin ilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye indlela efanayo yayisetyenziselwa ukuzimisela.Ngokwendlela esemgangathweni yangaphandle yokubala indawo ephezulu, oko kukuthi.
Ukuthenga njani?Nceda uqhagamshelaneDr. Alvin Huang: sales@ruifuchem.com or alvin@ruifuchem.com
Amava Eminyaka Eli-15?Sineminyaka engaphezu kwe-15 yamava ekwenziweni nasekuthumeleni kumazwe angaphandle uluhlu olubanzi oluphezulu lwamayeza aphakathi okanye amachiza alungileyo.
Iimarike eziphambili?Thengisa kwimarike yasekhaya, eMntla Melika, eYurophu, eIndiya, eKorea, eJapan, eOstreliya, njl.
Iingenelo?Umgangatho ophezulu, ixabiso elifikelelekayo, iinkonzo zengcali kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa, ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza.
UmgangathoIsiqinisekiso?Inkqubo yokulawula umgangatho ongqongqo.Izixhobo zobuchwephesha zokuhlalutya ziquka i-NMR, LC-MS, GC, HPLC, ICP-MS, UV, IR, OR, KF, ROI, LOD, MP, Clarity, Solubility, Microbial limit test, njl.
Iisampulu?Uninzi lweemveliso zibonelela ngeesampulu zasimahla zokuvavanya umgangatho, iindleko zokuthumela kufuneka zihlawulwe ngabathengi.
Factory Audit?Uphicotho-zincwadi lwasefektri wamkelekile.Nceda wenze idinga kwangaphambili.
MOQ?Akukho MOQ.Umyalelo omncinci wamkelekile.
Ixesha lokuzisa? Ukuba ngaphakathi kwesitokhwe, ukuhanjiswa kweentsuku ezintathu kuqinisekisiwe.
Ezothutho?Nge-Express (FedEx, DHL), ngoMoya, ngoLwandle.
Amaxwebhu?Emva kwenkonzo yokuthengisa: I-COA, i-MOA, i-ROS, i-MSDS, njl.
Udibaniso lweSiko?Inokubonelela ngeenkonzo zesiko lokudibanisa ukuze zilungele iimfuno zakho zophando.
Immimiselo yokuhlawula?I-invoyisi yeProforma iya kuthunyelwa kuqala emva kokuqinisekiswa kwe-odolo, efakwe kwiinkcukacha zethu zebhanki.Intlawulo nge-T / T (i-Telex Transfer), i-PayPal, i-Western Union, njl.
Iimpawu zeHazard Xi - Irritant
Iikhowudi zoMngcipheko
R36/37/38 - Ukucaphukisa emehlweni, inkqubo yokuphefumla kunye nolusu.
I-R20 - Inobungozi ngokuphefumla
Inkcazelo yoKhuseleko
S26 - Xa udibana namehlo, hlambulula ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango.
S36 - Nxiba iimpahla ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.
I-S24/25 - Gwema ukudibana nolusu kunye namehlo.
WGK eJamani 2
RTECS GU2293000
TSCA Ewe
HS Code 3505100000
I-β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) (i-CAS: 7585-39-9), i-Cyclodextrins ibhekisela kwintsapho yeekhompawundi ezibandakanya iamolekyu zeswekile ezihlanganiswe kwindandatho (i-cyclic oligosaccharides).Iveliswa kwisitatshi ngokuguqulwa kwe-enzymatic.I-Beta-cyclodextrin yi-7-membered sugar ring molecular form of cyclodextrin.I-Cyclodextrin inezicelo ezahlukeneyo.Kumashishini axuba amayeza, anokusetyenziswa njengee-arhente ezintsonkothileyo zokwandisa ukunyibilika kwechiza elinganyibiliki kakuhle kunye nokwandisa i-bioavailability kunye nozinzo.Isenokunciphisa ukucaphuka kwechiza lesisu, kwaye ithintele ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi kunye neziyobisi.Isenokusetyenziswa nasekutyeni, kumayeza, ekuhanjisweni kweziyobisi, nakumashishini amachiza, kunye nezolimo nobunjineli bokusingqongileyo.
I-β-Cyclodextrin isetyenziswa njenge-agent eyinkimbinkimbi ekuhanjisweni kweziyobisi kuba yenza i-complex edibeneyo kunye ne-molecule yeziyobisi.I-complex ye-cyclodextrin yandisa ukunyibilika kwamanzi, izinga lokuchithwa kunye ne-bioavailability yamachiza angenakunyibilika emanzini, aluncedo ekuhanjisweni kwe-arhente yezonyango kwinkqubo yezinto eziphilayo.
I-Cyclodextrins yenzeka njengomgubo omhlophe, ongenavumba, ocolekileyo wekristale, unencasa emnandi kancinci.Ezinye izinto eziphuma kwi-cyclodextrin zenzeka njenge-amorphous powders.I-Beta-Cyclodextrin yeyona oligosaccharide ininzi kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi eyenza ii-complexes ezidityanisiweyo ezineemolekyuli ezininzi zamachiza.Ukusetyenziswa kwayo okuphambili kwi-tablet kunye ne-capsule formulations.
I-Cyclodextrins 'zifana nebhakethi' okanye 'i-conelike' iimolekyuli ze-toroid, ezinesakhiwo esiqinileyo kunye ne-cavity ephakathi, ubukhulu bayo buhluka ngokohlobo lwe-cyclodextrin.Umphezulu wangaphakathi we-cavity i-hydrophobic kwaye ingaphandle ye-torus i-hydrophilic;oku kungenxa yolungiselelo lwamaqela e-hydroxyl ngaphakathi kwemolekyuli.Olu lungiselelo luvumela i-cyclodextrin ukuba ifake i-molecule yeendwendwe ngaphakathi kwendawo, yenze i-inclusion complex.
I-Cyclodextrins inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-complexes ezibandakanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemolekyuli zamachiza, ezikhokelela ikakhulu kuphuculo lokunyibilika kunye ne-bioavailability ngenxa yokuphucula ukunyibilika kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza kweekhemikhali kunye nomzimba.
I-Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes nayo isetyenziselwe ukufihla incasa engathandekiyo yezinto ezisebenzayo kunye nokuguqula into engamanzi ibe yinto eqinileyo.
I-β-Cyclodextrin yeyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-cyclodextrin, nangona i-soluble encinci.Yeyona cyclodextrin ebiza kancinci;ifumaneka kurhwebo kwinani lemithombo;kwaye iyakwazi ukwenza ii-complexes zokubandakanywa kunye nenani leemolekyuli zomdla wamayeza.Nangona kunjalo, i-β-Cyclodextrin i-nephrotoxic kwaye akufanele isetyenziswe kwi-formulation yabazali.I-β-Cyclodextrin isetyenziswe ngokukodwa kwi-tablet kunye ne-capsule formulations.
Kwimiqulu yepilisi yomlomo, i-β-Cyclodextrin ingasetyenziselwa kuzo zombini i-granulation emanzi kunye neenkqubo zokunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo.Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-β-Cyclodextrin ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumenzi.Nangona kunjalo, i-β-Cyclodextrin ithande ukuba neepropati zokuhamba kakubi kwaye idinga i-lubricant, njenge-0.1% w/w magnesium stearate, xa ixinzelelwe ngokuthe ngqo.
Kwimiqulu ye-parenteral, i-cyclodextrins isetyenziselwe ukuvelisa amalungiselelo azinzileyo kunye ne-soluble yamachiza anokuthi aqulunqwe kusetyenziswa i-solvent engenamanzi.
Kwi-eye drop formulations, i-cyclodextrins yenza i-complexes e-soluble yamanzi kunye neziyobisi ze-lipophilic ezifana ne-corticosteroids.Ziye zaboniswa ukwandisa ukunyibilika kwamanzi kwechiza;ukwandisa ukufunxwa kweziyobisi emehlweni;ukuphucula uzinzo lwamanzi;kunye nokunciphisa ukucaphuka kwendawo.
I-Cyclodextrins nayo isetyenziswe ekuqulunqweni kwezisombululo, ii-suppositories, kunye nezithambiso.
I-Cyclodextrins yi-starch derivatives kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-oral and parenteral formulations amayeza.Zikwasetyenziswa kwi-topical and ophthalmic formulations.
IiCyclodextrins zikwasetyenziswa kwizinto zokuthambisa kunye neemveliso zokutya, kwaye ngokubanzi zithathwa njengezinto ezingeyotyhefu nezingachaphazeliyo.Nangona kunjalo, xa ilawulwa ngumzali, i-β-Cyclodextrin ayinayo i-metabolized kodwa iqokelela kwiintso njenge-cholesterol engenakunyibilika, ekhokelela kwi-nephrotoxicity enzima.
I-Cyclodextrin elawulwa ngomlomo i-metabolized yi-microflora kwi-colon, eyenza i-metabolites maltodextrin, i-maltose, kunye ne-glucose;ezi nazo ziphinde zetyiswe ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshwe njengekharbon diokside namanzi.Nangona uphando olupapashwe kwi-1957 lucebise ukuba i-cyclodextrins elawulwa ngomlomo yayinetyhefu kakhulu, uphando olutshanje lwetyhefu yezilwanyana kwiigundane kunye nezinja lubonise ukuba akunjalo, kwaye i-cyclodextrins ngoku ivunyiwe ukuba isetyenziswe kwimveliso yokutya kunye namayeza alawulwa ngomlomo kwinani. yamazwe.
I-Cyclodextrins ayicaphukisi ulusu kunye namehlo, okanye xa i-inhalation.Kwakhona akukho bungqina obubonisa ukuba i-cyclodextrins i-mutagenic okanye i-teratogenic.
β-Cyclodextrin
I-LD50 (impuku, IP): 0.33 g/kg(16)
I-LD50 (impuku, SC): 0.41 g/kg
LD50 (impuku, IP): 0.36 g/kg
I-LD50 (impuku, IV): 1.0 g/kg
I-LD50 (impuku, ngomlomo): 18.8 g/kg
I-LD50 (impuku, SC): 3.7 g/kg
Ibandakanyiwe kwi-FDA ye-Inactive Ingredients Database: α-Cyclodextrin (amalungiselelo e-injection);I-β-Cyclodextrin (iipilisi zomlomo, iigels ze-topical);γ-Cyclodextrin (IV injections).Ibandakanyiwe kuLuhlu lwaseKhanada lweZithako ezaMkelweyo ezingezizo zonyango (i-agent yokuzinzisa; i-agent ye-solubilizing);kunye nakwimixube yoxubo lwamayeza oluthethwayo kunye neerectal ezinelayisensi eYurophu, eJapan, nase-USA.
Umsebenzi
1. Ukwandisa ukunyibilika kweyeza kunye nokufumaneka kwezinto eziphilayo
2. Ukuphucula i-bioavailability yamachiza.
3. Ukulungelelanisa okanye ukulawula ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi.
4. Ukunciphisa ubutyhefu bamachiza.
5. Ukuphucula ukuzinza kwamachiza.
Isicelo
Izithambiso:
1. Ukulungelelanisa i-encapsulation yeekhompawundi eziguquguqukayo.
2. Ukwandisa ubomi beshelufu yeencasa ezibizayo.
Ukutya:
1. Ukuthintela ukuphuphuma kwezinto eziguqukayo.
2. Ukukhupha ivumba elibi.
3. Ukwandisa kakhulu iziphumo ze-emulsification.
4. Ukwenza isilondolozi sokukhulula ukutya.
1. I-β-Cyclodextrin isetyenziswe kwishishini lokutya ukukhulula ukutya kunye nezithinteli ngokukhawuleza, ukuphucula umphumo wokukhusela, ukwandisa ixesha leshelufu lokutya, kunye nokuphucula ukunambitha kokutya, ukuphucula amandla e-emulsifying kunye nokuchasana nomswakama.
2. I-β-Cyclodextrin isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini le-pharmaceutical excipient ukunyusa ukuzinza kweyeza, ukukhusela i-oxidation kunye nokubola kweyeza, ukuphucula ukuchithwa kunye ne-bioavailability yeziyobisi, ukunciphisa i-toxic and side effects of the drug, kwaye imaski ivumba lechiza kunye nevumba.
3. Kwi-cosmetic industry, i-β-Cyclodextrin inokuthintela i-cosmetic whitening agents ekonakalisa i-acid oxidation yegazi kunye ne-browning, ukuphucula umphumo omhlophe kunye nokunciphisa ukucaphuka.